FAQ

Answering common FAQs about science communication best practices, research methods, professional development, and how to effectively engage diverse audiences.

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FAQ

What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?

AI systems perform tasks once limited to human cognition, but major limitations persist, many of them systemic and high-risk. For example, facial recognition error rates can reach 35% for dark-skinned women (Buolamwini, 2019), while 97% of image classifiers fail under adversarial perturbation (Papernot et al., 2015). Large language models like

Digital marketing media
FAQ

What is Digital Marketing?

Digital marketing is using electronic devices and the internet to promote products or services to targeted customers, replacing traditional methods like TV and print ads with online channels such as social media, Google searches, email, and websites. It’s more cost-effective than traditional advertising because businesses can target specific audiences, measure

young asian women work in office for checking the product in the warehouse, concept e commerce.
FAQ

What is a “personal hardship” flag in Google Merchant Center?

Personal hardship refers to content Google identifies as targeting users facing sensitive challenges (e.g., health conditions, financial distress, legal trouble, trauma, or relationship issues). Ads or listings in these categories are subject to additional restrictions to prevent exploitation.

Business women, computer and team planning, collaboration and happy presentation in marketing meeting to learn about schema markup.
FAQ

What is Schema Markup?

Schema markup is code you add to your website that labels your content for search engines (“this is a business name,” “this is a phone number,” “this is a rating”). When search engines understand your content better, they can display it with enhanced features like star ratings, contact info, and

Human like robot and artificial intelligence
FAQ

Why Does AI Struggle with Context Cues in Language?

AI doesn’t actually understand language. It predicts words based on patterns in training data not meaning. This leads to misinterpretation of even basic questions or instructions. These same limitations affect AI-powered search tools. To use them effectively, you must write explicitly, test for ambiguity, and verify outputs.

Happy creative marketing team working on new business project in the office.
FAQ

What is YMYL Marketing and Do I Need It?

YMYL marketing is specialized digital marketing for businesses where content accuracy can impact people’s health, money, or safety. If Google considers your industry “Your Money or Your Life,” you need different marketing strategies than regular businesses to avoid penalties and build trust.

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